Afzal Panderpuri Chewing Tobacco-1pcs

Afzal, a banned smokeless tobacco product's (STP) consumption in Oman has increased in the last two decades, especially among the youth. A study conducted in 214 by researchers from the Department of Biology at Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), had found that Afzal contains heavy metal contents that may cause health problems. The study was conducted by Nawal al Mukhaini, a PhD Student, under the guidance of Professor Taher Ba Omar, and Dr Elsadig Eltayeb and Dr Aisha al Shehi from the Department of Biology at the College of Science. STP is typically consumed by placing a wad between the lips and the upper or lower gums for varying periods of time, often up to 3 minutes. The juice is usually spit out. Speaking about the risks of using chewing tobacco, Nawal said that STP can cause different types of cancers, mainly oral and oesophageal. 'It contains heavy metals like cadmium which is toxic to bones. It can affect the nervous system and kidney, and cause cataract. Lead, another metal found in the product is known to cause renal tumours, increases blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases. Brain is also one of the organs most affected by these metals.' She added that the World Health Organization and International Agency for Research in Cancer have classified STP as carcinogenic substances. Explaining the popularity of Afzal among youth, Nawal said, 'Afzal has gained popularity in Oman as it is not just cheap but also easily available. Many lack awareness about its dangers.' According to Dr Abdullah al Hashmi from the College of Education at SQU, Afzal consumption hampers cognitive development. 'The substance hampers cognitive performance. It reduces the ability to think and pushes the addict to boredom and neglect towards both class and home assignments.' Smokeless tobacco changes the way you think and act, said Dr Hamood al Nofli from the Department of Sociology and Social Work at SQU. 'Those addicted to these products often become introverts and isolate themselves.' Cancer, tooth loss, oral lesions and white patches in the mouth are some very common effects of STPs. The product may also increase cavities and accelerate tooth decay. Moumin Abdulfatah, a dentist at Al Jumana Dental Clinic in Wadi Kabir said that chewing tobacco such as Afzal can increase the risk of developing gum diseases. 'We have seen oral cancer cases due to the consumption of smokeless tobacco.' Awareness is key to tackle the problem, said Nawal. 'It is important to regularly conduct dental check-ups among students and cooperate with the Ministry of Health by revealing the number of addicts, so that the government can take action against the illegal sale of Afzal.' An important step to combat the menace is by starting awareness programmes, said Dr Hashmi. 'It is important to start awareness programmes targeting Omani youth. Media too should come up with campaigns in this regard.'